All building materials must meet certain requirements as to the quality of the durability of the house, its appearance and value.
Stone materials.
For laying the foundations of houses, bases, posts, walls, as well as fillers in concrete and mortars, various stone materials.
Gravel - small stones are small. Gravel is schebnevidnym, malookatannym, egg-shaped, well-rounded, flakiness and needle. Gravel - the size in length from 5 to 20 mm, the average - from 20 to 40 mm, large - from 40 to 80 mm.
Crushed stone - stone of the same size as gravel, are crushing rocks or bricks, heavy blast-furnace slag, pumice.
Gravel and crushed stone are placeholders in different concretes. They must be clean, with dirty, they are well washed.
Sand - can be river, lake, mountain, gully.
Ravine and mountain clogged with clay impurities, lake - mud. Contaminated sand is washed, the content of clay, silt, dust and other impurities must not privyshat 5%.
Used as a filler for the preparation of mortars and concretes.
On sand grain size is divided into small, medium and large - from 0.15 to 5 mm.
Ordinary sand called heavy, with crushing slag pumice. Receive so-called lightweight sand.
Brick - is red clay - Burned and lime, or white. Red brick lay fundamental, pillars, walls, chimneys.
Silicate, and also hollow, perforated, porous bricks are used for masonry walls, columns and partitions.
Refractory and refractory bricks - used for masonry firebox or internal surfaces of stoves and fireplaces. His life above the red several times.
Binders.
Used for making mortar or concrete. Binders are divided into the air (gypsum) and hydraulic (cement).
Air - only harden in the air and washed away with water, hydraulic - starting to harden in the air and continue to harden in water.
Cements - the best hydraulic binders substance hardening both in air and in water. They grasped quickly and harden quite a long time (days). Initial setting must occur no earlier than 45 minutes, the end - not later than 12 hours after mixing.
Black binders.
Bitumen - oil products. In building used mainly solid, semi-solid and liquid petroleum bitumen.
Stone materials.
For laying the foundations of houses, bases, posts, walls, as well as fillers in concrete and mortars, various stone materials.
Gravel - small stones are small. Gravel is schebnevidnym, malookatannym, egg-shaped, well-rounded, flakiness and needle. Gravel - the size in length from 5 to 20 mm, the average - from 20 to 40 mm, large - from 40 to 80 mm.
Crushed stone - stone of the same size as gravel, are crushing rocks or bricks, heavy blast-furnace slag, pumice.
Gravel and crushed stone are placeholders in different concretes. They must be clean, with dirty, they are well washed.
Sand - can be river, lake, mountain, gully.
Ravine and mountain clogged with clay impurities, lake - mud. Contaminated sand is washed, the content of clay, silt, dust and other impurities must not privyshat 5%.
Used as a filler for the preparation of mortars and concretes.
On sand grain size is divided into small, medium and large - from 0.15 to 5 mm.
Ordinary sand called heavy, with crushing slag pumice. Receive so-called lightweight sand.
Brick - is red clay - Burned and lime, or white. Red brick lay fundamental, pillars, walls, chimneys.
Silicate, and also hollow, perforated, porous bricks are used for masonry walls, columns and partitions.
Refractory and refractory bricks - used for masonry firebox or internal surfaces of stoves and fireplaces. His life above the red several times.
Binders.
Used for making mortar or concrete. Binders are divided into the air (gypsum) and hydraulic (cement).
Air - only harden in the air and washed away with water, hydraulic - starting to harden in the air and continue to harden in water.
Cements - the best hydraulic binders substance hardening both in air and in water. They grasped quickly and harden quite a long time (days). Initial setting must occur no earlier than 45 minutes, the end - not later than 12 hours after mixing.
Black binders.
Bitumen - oil products. In building used mainly solid, semi-solid and liquid petroleum bitumen.
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